What does urbanization refer to?

• A. An increase in rural populations
• B. A decline in city populations
• C. An increase in the number of people living in urban settlements
• D. A shift from manufacturing to agriculture

Answer: (C)

Urbanization refers to the process through which there is an increase in the number of people living in urban settlements, such as cities and towns. This phenomenon often occurs when individuals migrate from rural areas to urban centers in search of better economic opportunities, industrial jobs, and improved access to services like education and healthcare. As a result, urban areas become more densely populated, influencing social, economic, and cultural dynamics.

The significance of urbanization is evident in historical contexts, particularly during the Industrial Revolution, when many people flocked to cities to work in factories. This trend has continued in modern times as globalization and technological advancements have driven people to urban areas for employment and lifestyle changes. Thus, understanding urbanization is essential to grasp the broader trends in demographic and societal transformations throughout U.S. history.