What prestigious award did Theodore Roosevelt win for his role in mediating the end of the Russo-Japanese War?

• A. Nobel Peace Prize
• B. Pulitzer Prize
• C. Presidential Medal of Freedom
• D. Congressional Gold Medal

Answer: (A)

The prestigious award that Theodore Roosevelt won for his role in mediating the end of the Russo-Japanese War is the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1906, Roosevelt was awarded this honor for his successful negotiation efforts that led to the Treaty of Portsmouth, which ended the conflict between Russia and Japan. This was significant as it marked the first time a sitting U.S. president had received such an award, highlighting his commitment to diplomacy and peace. Roosevelt's efforts not only helped to resolve an international conflict but also positioned the United States as a key mediator in global affairs, showcasing its growing influence in the early 20th century.

The other awards listed are distinct in their purposes and histories: the Pulitzer Prize is related to journalism and literature, the Presidential Medal of Freedom recognizes individuals for outstanding contributions to the nation, and the Congressional Gold Medal honors individuals or groups for their contributions to American history and culture. Each of these awards serves different recognition purposes and does not pertain to Roosevelt's mediation efforts in international diplomacy.