What was the main outcome of the Treaty of Versailles?

• A. It established new borders in Europe
• B. It initiated the League of Nations
• C. It blamed Germany for World War I and imposed penalties
• D. It secured peace between all major powers

Answer: (C)

The Treaty of Versailles was primarily significant for its imposition of penalties on Germany, making it the central outcome of the agreement. The treaty, signed in 1919, held Germany responsible for the outbreak of World War I through the infamous "War Guilt Clause." This clause not only assigned blame to Germany but also led to substantial reparations that had to be paid to the Allies, aimed at compensating for the devastation caused by the war. In addition to financial penalties, the treaty imposed severe military restrictions on Germany and resulted in significant territorial losses, which fostered resentment and instability within Germany. These factors collectively contributed to the broader geopolitical tensions that emerged in the subsequent decades, particularly leading up to World War II. Understanding this context highlights the punitive nature of the Treaty of Versailles and its long-lasting implications on international relations and German society.