Which group emerged as extremist opposition during the Reconstruction era?

• A. Progressive Party
• B. Federalists
• C. Knights of the White Camellia
• D. Anti-Federalists

Answer: (C)

The Knights of the White Camellia emerged as an extremist opposition group during the Reconstruction era, reflecting the intense resistance to the changes brought about by the Civil War and the Reconstruction policies that aimed to integrate formerly enslaved individuals into society as equals. Formed in the South, this organization sought to restore white supremacy through intimidation and violence against African Americans and their allies. Their actions were part of a wider backlash against the Reconstruction efforts to secure civil rights and political power for freedmen, which included efforts by other groups like the Ku Klux Klan.

Understanding the context of this era, the Knights utilized terrorism and aggressive tactics to undermine the political processes and social changes being implemented, effectively creating a climate of fear that hampered progress toward genuine equality. This makes them a notable example of extremist opposition to the Reconstruction measures designed to rebuild the South and guarantee rights to all citizens.

The other options listed—such as the Progressive Party and the Federalists—do not contextualize the specific violent and racist backlash against Reconstruction, while the Anti-Federalists primarily focused on the structure of government during the founding of the United States rather than issues surrounding Reconstruction or civil rights.